A bunion is the misalignment of the bones in the big toe joint—presenting as a bony bump at the base of the big toe. Over time, the bump becomes more pronounced and can make it harder to fit into your shoes. Even if you do get your foot into the shoe, it may rub or pinch, making walking in them extremely uncomfortable.
When patients struggle with bunions, they often wonder if surgery is necessary or if there are other options. The dedicated podiatrist at Central Kansas Podiatry Associates, Dr. Benjamin Weaver, is committed to helping patients understand all the available treatment options and make informed decisions about whether or not to have surgery. Here, we answer some common questions about bunions and what to know before making a decision about surgery.
#1: Before Considering Surgery, What Treatments Should I Try First?
Before considering surgery, your podiatrist will likely recommend several conservative treatment approaches, including any of the following:
Wear the Proper Shoes
Wear footwear with a wide toe box that provides space for the bunion without creating pressure points. You want shoes that are made of flexible, soft material and that you don’t have to force your foot into.
Use Custom Orthotics
Custom orthotics are specialized inserts that can address the issues contributing to your bunion. They can help redistribute pressure away from the bunion and provide support for proper foot alignment.
Try Pads and Splints
A bunion pad or splint can help protect the foot against friction and help slow progression of the bunion. Although they don’t correct the bone misalignment, a pad or splint may make it more comfortable for you to stand and walk.
Use Medication
Anti-inflammatory medications can reduce the pain and swelling of bunions. Over-the-counter options like ibuprofen can often provide temporary relief, especially when a bunion has been aggravated.
Follow Physical Therapy
You can sometimes help a bunion by strengthening the muscles supporting your toe joint. Your podiatrist can recommend specific stretches and exercises that, when performed consistently, may help maintain joint mobility and potentially slow bunion progression.
#2 Will I Need Surgery for a Bunion?
Our patients often ask us this question, especially if their bunion is first developing. However, surgery isn’t usually the first form of treatment for a bunion. Dr. Weaver may recommend surgery for your bunion if the following exists:
- If your bunion prevents you from enjoying your normal routine. If you can’t walk normally or comfortably, or you can’t engage in the activities you love, surgery may help.
- You have consistent, ongoing pain that isn’t responding to conservative treatment, you may need surgery. If you’ve changed shoes, used cushioning, and tried medications, but the pain persists, your podiatrist may decide it’s time to discuss surgical options.
- If you have a foot deformity that is getting worse over time, you may need surgery. If your bunion is becoming pronounced, early intervention can help prevent more serious procedures later.
- If your foot is severely misaligned and is causing other foot problems. For example, a bunion can lead to crossover toes, hammertoes, and even corns and calluses. Addressing the root cause with surgery can sometimes resolve other issues.
#3 How Long Will it Take for Me to Recover?
The healing process after bunion surgery is different for all patients; however, post-surgical recovery has some commonality. During your initial recovery, you’ll likely need to keep weight off the foot. You may need crutches or a surgical boot to protect the surgical site. After three or four weeks, you may be able to bear some weight on your foot. At about six to twelve weeks, you may return to wearing regular shoes. It’s important to avoid high heels and narrow shoes. For most patients, it takes between four to six months to completely recover from bunion surgery. You may see gradual improvement with less pain and more function.
#4: Will My Bunion Return After Surgery?
It’s not always possible to know if your bunion will return after surgery. Biomechanical factors and genetic predispositions play a role in bunion development and influence the outcome of your surgery. Also, post-surgical care can affect the success rate. It’s important that you follow all instructions to help ensure the best possible recovery. The shoes you wear after recovery can also impact surgical outcomes.
